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siid45
Jun 5th, 2009, 09:51 AM
Discuss.

http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/york-u-hunting-for-undergrads/article1167775/

dondada83
Jun 5th, 2009, 10:09 AM
York U is an excellent school however; it’s about time students realized that management and the union have a fragile relationship. And because of this your schooling may suffer.

cnbc
Jun 5th, 2009, 10:38 AM
At other places, you hunt for schools. At York, the school hunts YOU!

York's loss, Ryerson's gain.

help_questions
Jun 5th, 2009, 11:18 AM
GOOD.

Less students means that less contract faculty will be needed and therefore, so contract faculty members will not get hired and therefore not get paid.

I say this is GOOD because contract faculty members are CUPE3903, the union that went of strike for 85 days and screwed the school year for 50,000 students. I was one of the students negatively affected by this strike.

I say GOOD because it was the actions of CUPE3903 have cost their own members jobs. They should have accepted binding arbitration from the beginning. They stuck to their demands, got forced back to work by the government and now they will lose jobs because they have tarnished York's reputation. They did this to themselves.

I say GOOD, when really I should say GREAT. I am ecstatic that the union that went on strike and inconvenienced me will encounter job losses. IT is what they deserve for screwing with the school year of 50,000 students

Iterator
Jun 5th, 2009, 11:23 AM
I'm sure you have all seen the York ads at Bloor and Yonge. Does York actually expect people to spend the next 4 (or more due to strikes) years of their lives because of an ad on the subway?

phomp
Jun 5th, 2009, 11:46 AM
I picked York, because they offered the most flexibility in courses. They offer a good amount of summer courses so I can fast track through the degree faster. I am not coming out of highschool, so time is a bit of a concern for me. Ryerson, was not nearly as flexible... Assuming there is no strike I can get through York in a much more time efficent manner. I am also only doing an undergrad. Although, I would be interested to know the difference if I got my undergrad at York as opposed to U of T. If my marks are great, I will look into that as well as how much extra time it would take me to complete if I switched.

ItemFinder
Jun 5th, 2009, 11:55 AM
I picked York, because they offered the most flexibility in courses. They offer a good amount of summer courses so I can fast track through the degree faster. I am not coming out of highschool, so time is a bit of a concern for me. Ryerson, was not nearly as flexible... Assuming there is no strike I can get through York in a much more time efficent manner. I am also only doing an undergrad. Although, I would be interested to know the difference if I got my undergrad at York as opposed to U of T. If my marks are great, I will look into that as well as how much extra time it would take me to complete if I switched.
Face it. You picked York because you couldn't get into U of T. Nobody picks York first. It's a safety school. Don't kid yourself by thinking it's quality education.

phomp
Jun 5th, 2009, 12:02 PM
Face it. You picked York because you couldn't get into U of T. Nobody picks York first. It's a safety school. Don't kid yourself by thinking it's quality education.
Woah woah, easy cowboy.

lol I never said that I got into U of T and picked York over it, hell I didnt even apply to U of T. I also said if my marks were quite good at York, I would look into switching. Barring that it is actually worth to switch for an undergrad. I know that with my college marks that I would not have gotten into U of T, but that is also because I did not attended/put to much effort into the college. Hence, why I am paying for it now and heading back.

For the record, I decided on York over Ryerson because I am not coming out of highschool and York offered the most flexibility and course offerings for me to finish in a timely matter.

Sylvestre
Jun 5th, 2009, 03:04 PM
There's rumours of a strike in 2010 so really, why would someone choose to attend a school that will screw your high-cost education?

ItemFinder
Jun 5th, 2009, 03:08 PM
What's with all these ignorance about people picking York because they couldn't get into UofT? I'm going to York in September and the undergrad program is not even offered at UofT. And UofT only offers master program which accept student with an undergrad from York. There are lot more that need to be viewed and considered when looking at people's decision with university. One is not always better than other.
This whole post explains why you're going to York. Ironic that you've proven my point for me.

RussiaRulez
Jun 5th, 2009, 03:29 PM
There's rumours of a strike in 2010 so really, why would someone choose to attend a school that will screw your high-cost education?

This reminds me of Greece.

I have a friend who is studying in Greece, and his 4 year degree has officially become 5-6 years.

It's quite common.

MasterXan
Jun 5th, 2009, 04:02 PM
hopefully tuition would drop

;)

B0000rt
Jun 5th, 2009, 04:09 PM
hopefully tuition would drop

;)

If anything they'd probably increase it more, to make up for the budget shortfall :(

xt21
Jun 5th, 2009, 04:11 PM
Lol you're telling me that U of T has a masters program which only accepts York U grads? Hahahahaha


What's with all these ignorance about people picking York because they couldn't get into UofT? I'm going to York in September and the undergrad program is not even offered at UofT. And UofT only offers master program which accept student with an undergrad from York. There are lot more that need to be viewed and considered when looking at people's decision with university. One is not always better than other.

phomp
Jun 5th, 2009, 04:16 PM
This whole post explains why you're going to York. Ironic that you've proven my point for me.

I do not see how he proved your point. U of T does not happen to offer an undergrad degree in his field... so he went somewhere else. It does not mean he could not get accepted into U of T. Just because U of T offerers a graduate in whatever field but not an undergrad it does not mean U of T > insert school. The programs and circumstances have to be taken into consideration....

My fiancee found the courses at U of T in her study to be a lot less work and challenging than the courses in the same study at York. Coming out of college she did get accpeted into U of T but chose York over it. It was for the reason that U of T would required co-op courses she had already done and U of T served no benefit to her getting into teachers college over York + York was cheaper and more convienent.

No one is denying that U of T is a "higher" quality school than York for example. But there are other reasons why people pick different schools not just because they could not get into U of T. If my goal was to complete an undergrad in kenisiology (sp?) and then get into teachers college and York is more conveient, and was an accepted program into teachers college why would I pick U of T over York? Once I am in teachers college the undergrad makes 0 difference. (not that I am becoming a teacher.. just an example). The teachers college will look at marks, and experience first...

phomp
Jun 5th, 2009, 04:19 PM
Lol you're telling me that U of T has a masters program which only accepts York U grads? Hahahahaha

Fail.

He said U of T has a masters program that accepts York U grads.... read his post again. It does not say ONLY York U grads.

jahme
Jun 5th, 2009, 05:56 PM
I'm assuming xt21 goes to UofT, lol.

Jay Hova
Jun 5th, 2009, 06:28 PM
I'd go to York, provided they transfer me directly into 3rd year Schulich, fresh GPA as well.

RussiaRulez
Jun 5th, 2009, 06:31 PM
For people who actually want to find out why York was founded, what it has become over the past 50 years, I suggest watching a TVO program available for FREE.

Google: tvo agenda, and look for past episodes. The York turns 50 years episode is a recent one.

B0000rt
Jun 5th, 2009, 09:17 PM
For people who actually want to find out why York was founded, what it has become over the past 50 years, I suggest watching a TVO program available for FREE.

Google: tvo agenda, and look for past episodes. The York turns 50 years episode is a recent one.

Why not link it?

http://www.tvo.org/cfmx/tvoorg/theagenda/index.cfm?page_id=401&action=viewthread&forum_Thread_id=8403&forum_id=43

ItemFinder
Jun 5th, 2009, 10:50 PM
Lol @ the quote from the above article:


My understimulating, uninspiring academic life at York

I only went to York for one year to finish my BA. Maybe the circumstances that forced me to finish my degree there tarnished my image of York, but overall, I had a negative experience.

First of all, coming from Western, where most people were living on campus or very near it, the general population at York seemed detached from the university. Because I commuted to school, as did most people, the campus felt as close to my heart as the frivolous mall. Each day, I didn't feel like I was going to school at all; it felt more like I was attending endless, scheduled appointments. The atmosphere didn't feel rich with history or academia, and ironically, I found school to be a more serious matter at Western (which, unfairly, is typically seen as a party school). Most people seemed either eager to go straight home after class, with little to really keep them on campus, or went along with their particular clique. Even the residences seemed cold - I went to a couple of parties on campus, and the housing and its location are downright depressing.

In addition, the people who do socialize and really experience university the way it's meant to be experienced - that is, sharing stimulating discussions and studying until wee hours in the morning and forging relationships over beers and drinks at the local pub between (or after) exam days - are very cliquey, as mentioned above. There's the Italian faction; the Jewish faction; the Palestinian faction; the Chinese faction... although my background is Italian and I ended up with a degree in Italian studies, I didn't fit into any group. I had no desire to associate myself with any clique, anyway, but it was hard to find even-headed people at that university. It was almost as if differences were augmented and polarized instead of accepted and integrated towards a common goal - that being education and learning.

Another issue I had with York was the structuring of the curriculum. It seemed like, because it prides itself in being so interdisciplinary, no one had a similar educational background. Because of this, I think my second point was made more obvious: people hung out with their cliques because they had no thread of academic similarity binding them. Instead, the university lives up to its name - Club York; a popularity contest, a fashion show among the feeble minded, an identity crisis among 20-somethings and under who are unfortunately the future of our society. When you can take a 3000 or 4000 level course without any prerequisites, you know that something's wrong with the academic standards of the university.Getting marks was like paying tuition - as long as you could write the cheque, you're almost guaranteed the grade.

Overall, I felt like a number at York - just another cattle part of the herd branded with a BA on my bottom. For a lot of people there, that seemed like enough. For me, it wasn't. York lacks a soul, and after 50 years, if it hasn't found one, I doubt it ever will.
From friends I know that have attended York, this is a typical experience.

HSK
Jun 5th, 2009, 11:17 PM
Face it. You picked York because you couldn't get into U of T.
Huh... U of T's entry requirements are just as competitive as York's:

http://www.electronicinfo.ca/cms/files/en/programs.pdf

U of T folk dont like to talk about UTSC/UTM :D

lebanesekid
Jun 6th, 2009, 08:30 AM
There's rumours of a strike in 2010 so really, why would someone choose to attend a school that will screw your high-cost education?

the rumours aren't for a York strike, they're for a province-wide strike.

triple-u
Jun 6th, 2009, 08:51 AM
York really is desperate for students. Last week, I got an email from them basically saying, "Hey, we know you applied and rejected your offer to York a few years ago and you are now going to another university. Would you like to reconsider and transfer to York?"

Obviously not said like that, but that was definitely implied. I haven't had any contact with York since I applied about 2 years ago and all of a sudden I get an email telling me the benefits and perks of finishing my degree at York.

Really shows they are desperate.

shannn
Jun 6th, 2009, 11:23 AM
Face it. You picked York because you couldn't get into U of T. Nobody picks York first. It's a safety school. Don't kid yourself by thinking it's quality education.

Hmm, I guess you go to U of T :lol:

I started my undergrad and U of T, transferred out with a 3.5X GPA (and got into the UT pharmacy program, but turned it down) to York University.

Don't kid yourself, U of T for undergrad isn't all that :lol:
I wish I went to York and took the full scholarship they offered me initially =/

ItemFinder
Jun 6th, 2009, 11:41 AM
Hmm, I guess you go to U of T :lol:

I started my undergrad and U of T, transferred out with a 3.5X GPA (and got into the UT pharmacy program, but turned it down) to York University.

Don't kid yourself, U of T for undergrad isn't all that :lol:
I wish I went to York and took the full scholarship they offered me initially =/
I think I'd shoot myself if I went to U of T.

nyrz
Jun 6th, 2009, 12:06 PM
Lol @ the quote from the above article:

From friends I know that have attended York, this is a typical experience.

Not just York.

You'll have a similar experience at any big university in a big city.

ArjunDhir
Jun 6th, 2009, 12:41 PM
Face it. You picked York because you couldn't get into U of T. Nobody picks York first. It's a safety school. Don't kid yourself by thinking it's quality education.

I actually got into both UofT and York for the same program (Political Science) and chose York over UofT.

For undergrad, who cares?

Canada_7
Jun 6th, 2009, 01:20 PM
I know of someone back in HS who graduated the same year as I did (had like a 92+ average or so), they chose York over U of T for some reason. I forgot what exactly his reason was, it MIGHT have been for U of T not having it, but not sure. He's taking Psychology.

baller89
Jun 6th, 2009, 01:26 PM
I actually got into both UofT and York for the same program (Political Science) and chose York over UofT.

For undergrad, who cares?

Yeah no one cares. I would also recommend Trent, Mount Allison and Nipissing :lol:

nyrz
Jun 6th, 2009, 01:28 PM
I know of someone back in HS who graduated the same year as I did (had like a 92+ average or so), they chose York over U of T for some reason. I forgot what exactly his reason was

He probably decided to accept York's scholarship offer.

jahme
Jun 6th, 2009, 01:45 PM
UofT ain't Harvard(and never will be) where gaining admission is a BIG deal.

Looking at the large .pdf file, I don't see much of a difference between the cutoff averages of York and UofT(SG).

BlueHurley
Jun 6th, 2009, 03:40 PM
Obviously any school that has 50,000 students isn't prestigious. It doesn't really matter where u go for undergrad in Canada.

ArjunDhir
Jun 6th, 2009, 04:41 PM
Yeah no one cares. I would also recommend Trent, Mount Allison and Nipissing :lol:

If you're inferring that York is at the same level of Trent, Mount Allison or Nipissing, then I'm forced to question your intelligence..

Yu_Qing
Jun 6th, 2009, 06:46 PM
Face it. You picked York because you couldn't get into U of T. Nobody picks York first. It's a safety school. Don't kid yourself by thinking it's quality education.

but what if york has programs that interests him? fine arts and business are excellent at york i heard.

asdfvcx
Jun 6th, 2009, 07:17 PM
If you're inferring that York is at the same level of Trent, Mount Allison or Nipissing, then I'm forced to question your intelligence..
Mount Allison has been placing at or near the top of Maclean's Primarily Undergraduate university rankings for many, many years.

Now being a small school, a direct comparison to a much larger school is quite difficult. But the quality level of an education at Mount Allison will be quite high.

rapsrealm
Jun 6th, 2009, 08:17 PM
Obviously any school that has 50,000 students isn't prestigious. It doesn't really matter where u go for undergrad in Canada.

This is very true. Unfortunately universities are run like a business and in order to get more revenue they take in more people which brings down the quality of students that are admitted.

I'm at York and it's not because I couldn't get into UofT. I chose York over UofT because York has a more flexible faculty of education.

RussiaRulez
Jun 6th, 2009, 11:12 PM
This is very true. Unfortunately universities are run like a business and in order to get more revenue they take in more people which brings down the quality of students that are admitted.

I'm at York and it's not because I couldn't get into UofT. I chose York over UofT because York has a more flexible faculty of education.

I chose UofT over York for the name.

I plan to live and work outside of Canada for the rest of my live (I may come back for my MBA), so I need a degree with an international reputation.

baller89
Jun 7th, 2009, 01:20 AM
If you're inferring that York is at the same level of Trent, Mount Allison or Nipissing, then I'm forced to question your intelligence..

Why should you question my intelligence? I go to UofT, remember?:lol:

I'm only joking, you'll have a great time at York and you'll probably learn quite a bit. Enjoy your summer, and don't worry about your decision.

at1212b
Jun 7th, 2009, 02:14 AM
Let them wallow.

All I know is, when we smart people all have kids (or those that do and grow up) will most likely not let them go to York. That's when they'll really fell it!!:cheesygri

grape
Jun 7th, 2009, 10:30 AM
sweet, less ppl in taits in the fall

Prinsesa
Jun 7th, 2009, 01:03 PM
smart people doesn't decide which post secondary school their kids goes to.

+1 !!

shannn
Jun 7th, 2009, 01:09 PM
Let them wallow.

All I know is, when we smart people all have kids (or those that do and grow up) will most likely not let them go to York. That's when they'll really fell it!!:cheesygri

So, who are these smart people you talk of? :lol:

afong56
Jun 7th, 2009, 04:48 PM
sorry, but this is perhaps the dumbest argument i've seen in a while.

university education in this country is excellent. having a pissing contest to decide whether one school is better than another is asinine.

any discussion of relative merits of schools is faulty for two big reasons:

first, you have to compare undergrad versus graduate/professional schools. u of t is generally known to have a crap undergrad programme. it's their graduate programs that have cachet. in fact, most major schools are the same way. it's the smaller schools that provide better undergrad learning, consistently.
yes, u of t has some fine graduate programs. but is their undergrad really any better than anywhere else in ontario? not really.

second, just about any school in ontario will give you a solid baccalaureate education. and that includes nipissing, lakehead, trent, laurier, etc. trust me, no grad school will turn down a good candidate because they didn't go to one of the 'big' schools.

fwiw, i had a very mediocre time at utsg/trin. . .york would not have been appreciably worse

MizTEcK
Jun 7th, 2009, 04:49 PM
Let them wallow.

All I know is, when we smart people all have kids (or those that do and grow up) will most likely not let them go to York. That's when they'll really fell it!!:cheesygri

This is the biggest fail in this thread. if you were smart you'd tell your kid to go elsewhere and actually get some decent undergrad marks. So he wouldn't get stuck with a useless degree (sociology? psyche? LOL) and unable to get professional degrees cuz his marks are bullsheitt from uoft.

but I shouldn't expect much from someone from Scarborough, so I apologize

edited to bold classic Scarlem behaviour :lol:

shannn
Jun 7th, 2009, 04:53 PM
This is the biggest fail in this thread. if you were smart you'd tell your kid to go elsewhere and actually get some decent undergrad marks. So he wouldn't get stuck with a useless degree (sociology? psyche? LOL) and unable to get professional degrees cuz his marks are bullsheitt from uoft.

but I shouldn't expect much from someone from Scarborough, so I apologize

heyyyy! :mad:
That was below the belt :lol:

Although (a little off topic), I Was on the bus once, and I told this girl I was from Scarborough. Her very thing she said to me was, "Oh, do you know anyone who has ever been shot?" :lol:
But sadly, my answer was yes :lol:


Scarlem isn't thatttt bad though

namdeeps
Jun 7th, 2009, 05:38 PM
Are they going to start accepting students with lower average. Below 70

shannn
Jun 7th, 2009, 06:47 PM
Are they going to start accepting students with lower average. Below 70

York, UTM and Ryerson (from my friends' experiences) do this all the time (but usually very late acceptances)

But...I don't think they'll be accepting more than normal. I mean, eventhough application #'s are down, they still recieved enough to fill the spots I'm assuming

amroache
Jun 7th, 2009, 06:47 PM
This is the biggest fail in this thread. if you were smart you'd tell your kid to go elsewhere and actually get some decent undergrad marks. So he wouldn't get stuck with a useless degree (sociology? psyche? LOL) and unable to get professional degrees cuz his marks are bullsheitt from uoft.

but I shouldn't expect much from someone from Scarborough, so I apologize

edited to bold classic Scarlem behaviour :lol:

Though what he said didn't make alot of sense, what you said makes even less sense, and was just typical crude immature behaviour. Congratz

amroache
Jun 7th, 2009, 06:49 PM
And I agree with afong this is just another "whose penis is bigger thread". I can't remember who used that quote initially in off topic, but I loved it lol.

at1212b
Jun 8th, 2009, 02:17 AM
Smart people doesn't decide which post secondary school their kids goes to.

Smart people may not decide which university they send their kids to but smart people do decide where NOT to send their kids to.

BIG difference my smart friend.

namdeeps
Jun 8th, 2009, 09:30 PM
I got accepted into york but say my mark falls below the requirment will they reject me or keep me as they need more undergrads

namdeeps
Jun 9th, 2009, 07:19 PM
?

sPiKyAZN
Jun 9th, 2009, 07:33 PM
I got accepted into york but say my mark falls below the requirment will they reject me or keep me as they need more undergrads

The terms of your acceptance should be outlined in your offer. If you fail to meet those terms, you will most likely be denied. Despite a shortage of applications, YorkU still needs to maintain some sort of credibility.

Why don't you call them and ask for a legitimate answer?

shannn
Jun 10th, 2009, 12:19 AM
I got accepted into york but say my mark falls below the requirment will they reject me or keep me as they need more undergrads

You will get rejected for sure. That happened to a couple of my friends. You can write a letter explaining why it happened, but it has to be a really good excuse

fandom-high
Jun 14th, 2009, 11:50 AM
but what if york has programs that interests him? fine arts and business are excellent at york i heard.

Word.

I'm referring to Fine Arts Design for example. How many great schools in Canada offer good design programs? Not many. Students who wish to study design don't have a lot of choices. I chose York/Sheridan Design (joint program) because it is a strong design program in Canada.

And yes, unfortunately, York increased the tuition :/ don't know about other programs, but it went up $800 to $8557 for York/Sheridan Design--by far the most expensive program out of York.

imppy
Jun 14th, 2009, 01:07 PM
Face it. You picked York because you couldn't get into U of T. Nobody picks York first. It's a safety school. Don't kid yourself by thinking it's quality education.

Face it, when looking for a job, employers do not give a crap which school you came from. You don't even know who he is, don't be putting words in his mouth just so you feel better going to a school other than York. A school's quality of education is not based on their reputation or their overall admission averages.

alv077
Jun 14th, 2009, 04:41 PM
Face it, when looking for a job, employers do not give a crap which school you came from. You don't even know who he is, don't be putting words in his mouth just so you feel better going to a school other than York. A school's quality of education is not based on their reputation or their overall admission averages.

Yes it is.

Are you really implying that laurentian's business is better than shulich's for example? 70% entering vs 90% entering. If the quality of education was the same, you would be implying that one of the two situations happens:
a. All of the kids making 70s in high school magically got smarter
b. All of the kids making 90s in high school magically hit their head on something

Using the same textbooks mean nothing. I would like to see exams stacked side to side. I would like to see sample midterms from both schools put side by side.

Prinsesa
Jun 14th, 2009, 04:55 PM
Face it, all Universities only want you for your money and for their own rep. When you apply for jobs, a person who has no education but with 10 years experience in the field will get chosen over UT/York graduates with zero experience.

imppy
Jun 14th, 2009, 05:36 PM
Yes it is.

Are you really implying that laurentian's business is better than shulich's for example? 70% entering vs 90% entering. If the quality of education was the same, you would be implying that one of the two situations happens:
a. All of the kids making 70s in high school magically got smarter
b. All of the kids making 90s in high school magically hit their head on something

Using the same textbooks mean nothing. I would like to see exams stacked side to side. I would like to see sample midterms from both schools put side by side.

What if I said it wasn't ENTIRELY based on admission averages and a school's reputation? There are many things to be considered when trying to figure out which school provides a better quality of education.

Error916
Jun 14th, 2009, 06:58 PM
Quality of education may or may not be better at different schools, (York vs UofT) but the quality of students certainly is. Now this of course, does not correlate perfectly into post graduate success in the job market but may very well increase the probability of success.

Bourney
Jun 21st, 2009, 12:44 PM
What if I said it wasn't ENTIRELY based on admission averages and a school's reputation? There are many things to be considered when trying to figure out which school provides a better quality of education.

I wholeheartedly agree with imppy's point. After all, just because the entrance cutoff for certain programs at UWaterloo are > than 90% doesn't necessarily imply a higher quality education.

Alvin, please dispel my confusion. I thought the UWaterloo was a good school. How come you're ranked 129th overall?
Were you duped by MACleans into choosing UWaterloo?

Also, why is it that the course calender at such a "prestigious school" is horribly inadequate. I mean, we can't even access the online course listings for the artsci faculty.

alv077
Jun 22nd, 2009, 12:29 PM
What if I said it wasn't ENTIRELY based on admission averages and a school's reputation? There are many things to be considered when trying to figure out which school provides a better quality of education.

Fair enough, but the idea that it is unimportant or only vaguely important is pretty flawed imo


I wholeheartedly agree with imppy's point. After all, just because the entrance cutoff for certain programs at UWaterloo are > than 90% doesn't necessarily imply a higher quality education.

Alvin, please dispel my confusion. I thought the UWaterloo was a good school. How come you're ranked 129th overall?
Were you duped by MACleans into choosing UWaterloo?

Also, why is it that the course calender at such a "prestigious school" is horribly inadequate. I mean, we can't even access the online course listings for the artsci faculty.

As a whole, it isn't all that great... there are a ton of subpar programs programs here... but if you take a look at it, the entering average for those programs reflect that.

On the other side of the coin, there are some really good programs that require a higher average to get into. The people tend to be brighter and outperform others.

For example, in first year, I went in to get a midterm regraded and was told that accounting majors as a whole scored about 8% above everyone else in the course. The same effect was seen in non-accounting courses like psych. The accounting kids with (with a much higher entering average than the general-population) scored significantly higher.

In this case, we held the quality of instruction constant and just compared entering averages. It seems to point to the fact that entering averages matter.

That being said, I don't really have any cross-school figures to give... but unless they did something special at schools with lower entering averages, I don't see how the two groups can be considered to be on par if they have the same final grade.

BlueHurley
Jul 4th, 2009, 01:27 AM
so because somebody doesn't choose uoft for example that means their not as smart as somebody who does? nice logic.