Toronto the Alpha City

Oh so alpha men

And if its upgraded to Alpha+ then what? Buyers will start telling to each other "Did you hear? Some absolutely unknown rating just upgraded us, let's put offers for a higher price now!"?
And sellers will start putting descriptions to listings "Secure a home in Alpha+ city! Call today!"

BiegeToyota wrote: ↑ Does Toronto deserve an upgrade to Alpha + city?

How a new Alpha will help you?

the relationships between world cities in the context of globalization

Maybe Warsaw is the outlier?

I think Toronto is where it should be...beside Sao Paulo, capital of South America in economy.

Seoul, Chicago, Taipai, LA, Miami... all major economic engines


edit: On second thought, maybe Warsaw fits in as well.

Warsaw (/ˈwɔːrsɔː/ WOR-saw; Polish: Warszawa [varˈʂava] (About this soundlisten); see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland and its population is officially estimated at 1.78 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.1 million residents,[5] which makes Warsaw the 8th most-populous capital city in the European Union. The city limits cover 517.24 square kilometres (199.71 sq mi), while the metropolitan area covers 6,100.43 square kilometres (2,355.39 sq mi).[6] Warsaw is an alpha global city,[7] a major international tourist destination, and a significant cultural, political and economic hub. Its historical old town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Once described as the "Paris of the North", Warsaw was believed to be one of the most beautiful cities in the world until World War II.

The city is a significant centre of research and development, Business process outsourcing, Information technology outsourcing, as well as of the Polish media industry. The Warsaw Stock Exchange is the largest and most important in Central and Eastern Europe.[16][17] Frontex, the European Union agency for external border security as well as ODIHR, one of the principal institutions of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe have their headquarters in Warsaw. Together with Frankfurt, London and Paris, Warsaw is also one of the cities with the highest number of skyscrapers in the European Union.[18]

The city is the seat of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra, University of Warsaw, the Warsaw University of Technology, the National Museum, the Great Theatre—National Opera, the largest of its kind in the world,[19] and the Zachęta National Gallery of Art. The picturesque Old Town of Warsaw, which represents examples of nearly every European architectural style and historical period,[20] was listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1980. Other main architectural attractions include the Castle Square with the Royal Castle and the iconic King Sigismund's Column, the Wilanów Palace, the Łazienki Palace, St. John's Cathedral, Main Market Square, palaces, churches and mansions all displaying a richness of colour and detail. Warsaw is positioning itself as Central and Eastern Europe’s chic cultural capital with thriving art and club scenes and serious restaurants,[21] with around a quarter of the city's area occupied by parks.[22]